Guadalupe, Spain
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believed to have been made by St Luke. The monastery was founded by Alfonso XI in 1340, after the battle of the Río Salado, and in addition to its religious function became the seat of a celebrated faculty of medicine. The veneration of the Virgin of Guadalupe reached a climax in the 15th and 16th Centuries, when the Spanish navigators, before setting out on their voyages of discovery, made her patroness of the whole "Hispanidad", the territories conquered by Spain in America. Columbus named one of the islands he discovered after the Virgin of Guadalupe (Guadeloupe); and the patroness of Mexico is also the Virgin of Guadalupe, who is said to have appeared in 1531 to an Aztec convert to Christianity.