The original nucleus of The Natural History Museum, which was founded in 1754 and moved into its present building in 1881, was formed by the scientific collections of Sir Hans Sloane. The Museum is a palatial building in Romanesque style (designed by Alfred Waterhouse 1873-80), 230m/675ft long, with two 64m/190ft high towers. The exterior is faced with terracotta slabs bearing relief figures of animals.
Since 1988 The Natural History Museum has been linked to the Geological Museum on Exhibition Road.
The admission charge covers both museums.
The original collections of Sir Hans Sloane, comprising 50,000 books, 10,000 preserved animals and 334 volumes of pressed plant species, were augmented over the years by thousands of new exhibits. Joseph Banks, who accompanied James Cook around the world, was a particularly keen collector; the artist Sydney Parkinson donated three volumes of his zoological drawings and 18 volumes of botanical watercolor studies.
Charles Darwin also donated many specimens from his expeditions. Nowadays there are over half-a-million new acquisitions a year.
London's Natural History Museum has been transformed from a Geological Museum into three floors containing six permanent exhibitions that bring to life the history of the planet Earth. The new Earth Galleries examine many aspects of the earth's history and features such as meteorites, volcanic erruptions, tidal waves and other natural phenomena.
The Iguanodon and Hypsilophodon are two of the dinosaurs that are on exhibition at the Natural History Museum. Several other skeletons from all corners of the world are to be found here as well.
To the right of the information stand, the long corridor through the department of fossil mammals leads to a new room devoted to the balance of nature and the environment. Interesting facts may be discovered about acid rain and the interaction of forest and coastal eco-systems.
The northwest corner of the ground floor is devoted to mammals; a 27 m/91ft long life-sized cast of a blue whale dominates the gallery which also contains examples of extinct mammals. The lower floor is devoted to land mammals, including giraffes, elephants, hippos and their early relatives, the upper gallery to mammals living in water.
The first floor accommodates origin of species - explores natural selection and Darwin's theories. The Mineral Gallery on the right contains some 130,000 specimens, representing about 75 per cent of the world's known minerals. Also in this gallery is a collection of meteorites, including the huge Cranbourne meteorite from Australia which weighs 3.5 tons. The gallery adjacent shows "Our Place in Evolution"; the exhibit of the remains of Australopithecus, between 1.5 and 5million years old, discovered in Ethiopia in 1974 and nicknamed "Lucy", is of particular interest.
Address: London Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 5BD, England
Hours:
January 1 to December 31: 10am-5:50pm; Sun:11am-5:50pm
Always closed on: Christmas - Christian (December 25), Christmas Eve - Christian (December 24), Day after Christmas, St Stephen's Day, Boxing Day (December 26)
Tips: Last admission 17.30. Children under the age of 12 must be accompanied by an adult.
Disability Access: Full facilities for persons with disabilities.