Saqqara - Step Pyramid El-Haram el-Mudarrag

The most conspicuous landmark of Saqqara is the Step Pyramid (Arabic El-Haram el-Mudarrag), the tomb of the third Dynasty ruler Djoser or Zoser, which is probably the earliest major stone structure erected in Egypt. The form of the pyramid can be explained as a development of the large mastabas of the first and second Dynasties, the six steps, each smaller than the one below, having been produced by the addition to the original mastaba of successive new layers of masonry, accompanied by the enlargement of the lower stages. Detailed examination of the pyramid has made it possible to identify six changes of plan during its construction. The building of the pyramid is ascribed to lmhotep, who according to Manetho (c. 280 B.C.) devised the method of construction with dressed stone. It is remarkable for the complete mastery of the technique shown even at this early stage in its use.

The Step Pyramid stands some 200ft/60m high, with a base measurement of 397ft/121m by 358ft/109m. It is built of locally quarried clay sandstone of poor quality.