Lee Vining - Mono Basin National Forest Scenic Area

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and Californian gulls. It is estimated that each year a million of these three species migrate through Lake Mono at various times. About 90% of all Californian born gulls are hatched on Lake Mono - especially on its volcanic island of Paoha and Negit Island.

Limestone turrets / Tufa Towers

Phenomena of a special kind are the limestone turrets known as tufa towers, most of which are to be found on the south bank. They are formed when the chalky spring water from the bed of the lake mixes with the very alkaline lake water. This forms limestone, and over the course of centuries curiously shaped turrets are formed where the springs enter the salt-water. This chemical process takes place only in the lake itself; when the water level falls and the turrets poke out of the water they cease to grow. Limestone turrets can be seen high above the present bank, and their age has been estimated at up to 13,000 years.

Fall in water-level

In the last 50 years the water-level of the lake has fallen by over 40ft/12m since Los Angeles began to tap four of the seven rivers which flow into Lake Mono. At the same time the salt content has doubled. In order to put a stop to any further danger of emptying the lake and completely changing the ecological system, legal steps have been taken after the city of Los Angeles had refused to listen to all compromise proposals. The effects of the struggle for water here in California can be seen at first hand.

The Visitor Center of the committee which is active in preserving the lake is in the neighboring town of Lee Vining.