Fountains Abbey

One of the most beautiful ruins in Europe is Fountains Abbey, some 4mi/6.4km southwest of Ripon. One should approach it through the large park of Studley Royal and over the Skell towards the octagonal tower. The abbey, founded in 1132 for the Cistercian order, then comes into view in all its splendor: one of the largest, most magnificent and best preserved of Britain's ruined abbeys and an excellent illustration of the process by which the dissolved monasteries were converted into private residences. Its name is derived from the several springs which have their source here. The walls have been completely preserved, creating an impressive effect, with a romantic air which is enhanced by the beauty of the setting. The monks acquired considerable wealth through sheep farming and dealing in wool, and were thus able to finance this splendid building they erected here. The church's nave and transepts are in the Transitional style (1135-1147); the tower is Perpendicular. The finest feature is the Chapel of the Nine Altars, in which the pointed arch makes its first appearance in England. Only the cloister has lost its arcading (probably of timber). The extensive monastic buildings, which give the monastery its imposing appearance, have largely been preserved. The chapterhouse, dormitory and lavatory, refectory and kitchen, infirmary and guesthouses were provided in duplicate, for monks and lay brothers.