Battle Field of Mukden
Some 20km/13mi south of the city is the battle field of Mukden, where the decisive fighting took place in the war between Japan and Russia (February 25th-March 10th 1905).
The Russian army, under the command of General Kuropatkin, consisted of the First Army under General Linewitsch on the left flank, the Second Army under General Baron Kaulbars on the right flank to the west, and the Third Army under General Baron Bilderling in the center.
The Russian army, under the command of General Kuropatkin, consisted of the First Army under General Linewitsch on the left flank, the Second Army under General Baron Kaulbars on the right flank to the west, and the Third Army under General Baron Bilderling in the center.
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In all there were 310,000 men with 1100 guns. Their strongly established position was about 150km/93mi long and about 20-25km/12-15mi wide.
The Japanese forces, under the command of Marshall Oyama, had dug themselves in deeply opposite the Russian position. They consisted of five armies: the First Army under General Kurok, the Second Army under General Oku with reserves, and the Fourth Army under General Nodzu in the center, the Third Army under General Nogi on the right flank to the west, and the Fifth Army under General Kawamura on the right wing to the east. In total there were 300,000 men at the most, with 892 guns. The front was about 80km/50mi to 100km/62mi wide and about 30km/19mi to 50km/31mi deep.
Towards the end of February 1905 the Japanese attacked the Russian left flank, simultaneously their Third Army began to surround the Russian right wing. Until March 1st 1905 they achieved no particular advantage, then the Russians were forced back even further. On March 7th 1905 Kuropatkin admitted defeat, and ordered a retreat, which partly degenerated into a rout.
The losses to the Russian amounted to over 87,000 men, of whom 29,000 were taken prisoner; the Japanese lost an estimated 67,000.
The Japanese forces, under the command of Marshall Oyama, had dug themselves in deeply opposite the Russian position. They consisted of five armies: the First Army under General Kurok, the Second Army under General Oku with reserves, and the Fourth Army under General Nodzu in the center, the Third Army under General Nogi on the right flank to the west, and the Fifth Army under General Kawamura on the right wing to the east. In total there were 300,000 men at the most, with 892 guns. The front was about 80km/50mi to 100km/62mi wide and about 30km/19mi to 50km/31mi deep.
Towards the end of February 1905 the Japanese attacked the Russian left flank, simultaneously their Third Army began to surround the Russian right wing. Until March 1st 1905 they achieved no particular advantage, then the Russians were forced back even further. On March 7th 1905 Kuropatkin admitted defeat, and ordered a retreat, which partly degenerated into a rout.
The losses to the Russian amounted to over 87,000 men, of whom 29,000 were taken prisoner; the Japanese lost an estimated 67,000.
