Krems, the chief town of Lower Austria, lies at the northeastern end of the Wachau, where the River Krems joins the Danube. The old town is built on higher ground at the mouth of the Krems valley, with the newer districts on the banks of the Danube. It is now a busy industrial town. First mentioned in the records in 995, Krems received its
municipal charter in the 12th century and developed into a coin minting center (the "Kremser Pfennig"). It was a flourishing trade center up to the 19th century; in 1938 it was joined with Stein an der Donau and now, together with Stein and some other districts, it possesses its own statutory powers.
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