Situation
Cagliari (in Sardinian Casteddu), capital of the autonomous region of Sardinia and the province of Cagliari, lies on the south coast of the island - in the wide Gulf of Cagliari. The oldest part of the town, which was founded by the Phoenicians and
became the Roman "Carales", is known as the Castello (Sardinian Castedd'e susu). It clings picturesquely to the slopes of a precipitous hill, around the foot of which are the newer districts and suburbs of the town. To west and east are two large lagoons, the Stagno di Santa Gilla and the Stagno di Molentargius (salt-pans). During roadworks, remains of a medieval town were discovered.
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