Hawera - Turuturu-mokai Pa

Of the fortified Maori settlement of Turuturu-mokai Pa, built long before the arrival of the Europeans, there remain parts of the ramparts and storage pits.

There also survive five outer strongpoints (2.5km north of Hawera; signposted). In the late 1860s British troops constructed a defensive position outside the pa, which was attacked and overrun in 1868 by Hauhau warriors and a white defector.