Ephesus - Square of Verulanus

Immediately west of the Theater Gymnasium in Ephesus is a large complex of buildings, the plan of which is not easy to distinguish. Nearest the gymnasium is the Square of Verulanus, a spacious arcaded courtyard for the training of athletes, and beyond this is the Harbor Gymnasium, which dates from the Early Empire. This consisted of a number of buildings grouped around a central courtyard. On the north and south sides of the courtyard were two magnificent marble halls measuring 16m/52ft x 32m/104ft, with columns and niches for statues. Immediately beyond this were the Great Baths or Harbor Baths, built in the A.D. second century and sumptuously rebuilt in the reign of Constantine the Great (fourth century). These are yet to be completely excavated.